- Indonesia inoronga kumisa kuvaka zvidyarwa zvitsva zvinopiswa nemarasha mushure megore ra2023, nekuwedzera simba remagetsi kuti rigadzirwe chete kubva kutsva uye inovandudzwa masosi.
- Nyanzvi munyaya dzebudiriro pamwe nevemasangano akazvimirira ega vakatambira hurongwa uhu, asi vamwe vanoti hachisi chidokwadokwa chose sezvo zvichiri kuda kuvakwa kwemidziyo mitsva yemarasha yakatosaina.
- Kana zvirimwa izvi zvangogadzirwa, zvichashanda kwemakumi emakore anotevera, uye kuburitsa kwazvinoita kuchareva njodzi yekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze.
- Panewo kukakavara pamusoro pezvinotorwa nehurumende "simba idzva uye rinogona kudzokororwa", iro rinopisa zuva nemhepo padivi pebiomass, nyukireya, uye marasha akacheneswa.
Indonesia's renewables sector inofamba kumashure kwevavakidzani vayo muSoutheast Asia - kunyangwe ichisanganisira inowanzogamuchirwa "inovandudzwa" masosi sesolar, geothermal uye hydro, pamwe nemamwe anopokana "nyowani" masosi senge biomass, mafuta emichindwe-based biofuel, marasha ane gasi, uye, zvichinzi, nyukireya.Kubva muna 2020, aya matsva uye anovandudzwa magetsi masosiyakagadzirwa chete11.5% yemagetsi emagetsi enyika.Hurumende inotarisira kuburitsa 23% yesimba renyika kubva kune zvitsva uye zvinogonekazve masosi panosvika 2025.
Marasha, ayo Indonesia ine matura akawandisa, anoita ingangoita 40% yemusanganiswa wesimba renyika.
Indonesia aigona kuwana net-zero emissions muna 2050 kana emissions kubva magetsi zvidyarwa akaderedzwa nokukurumidza sezvinobvira, saka rokutanga kiyi kumisa zvachose kuvaka zvirimwa zvitsva marasha zvishoma pashure 2025. Asi kana zvichibvira, pamberi 2025 nani.
Private sector kubatanidzwa
Nemamiriro ezvinhu aripo, uko nyika dzese dziri kuenda ku decarbonizing hupfumi, iyo yakazvimirira chikamu muIndonesia inofanirwa kushandura.Kare zvirongwa zvehurumende zvaisimbisa nyaya yekuvaka marasha, asi iye zvino zvasiyana.Uye nekudaro, makambani anofanirwa kutenderera pakuvaka zvivakwa zvemagetsi zvinogoneka.
Makambani anofanirwa kuona kuti hakuna remangwana mumafuta ezvicherwa, nehuwandu huri kuramba huchikura hwemasangano ezvemari ari kuzivisa kuti achabvisa mari yezvirongwa zvemarasha pasi pekumanikidzwa kuri kuwedzera kubva kune vatengi pamwe nevanogovana masheya vachida kuti vatore matanho pamusoro pekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze.
South Korea, iyo yakanga yapa mari yakasimba mhiri kwemakungwa zvidyarwa zvemagetsi emarasha, kusanganisira muIndonesia, pakati pa2009 na2020, nguva pfupi yadarika yakazivisa kuti yaizopedza mari nyowani yemapurojekiti emarasha ekunze.
Wese munhu anoona kuti zvirimwa zvemarasha hazvina ramangwana, saka sei uchinetseka nekupa mari muzvirongwa zvemarasha?Nekuti kana vakabhadharira zvidyarwa zvemarasha zvitsva, pane mukana wekuti vazove midziyo yakabatikana.
Mushure megore ra2027, zvidyarwa zvemagetsi ezuva, kusanganisira kuchengetedza kwavo, uye zvidyarwa zvemagetsi emhepo zvichagadzira magetsi akachipa zvichienzaniswa nemarasha.Saka kana PLN ikaramba ichivaka zvidyarwa zvitsva zvemarasha pasina kumbomira, mukana wekuti zvidyarwa izvozvo zvive zvinhu zvakabatikana wakakura.
Bazi rakazvimiririra rinofanirwa kuve nechekuita [mukugadzira simba rinogoneka].Pese pazvinenge zvichidikanwa kuvandudza simba idzva uye rinogoneka, ingo kukoka vega.Hurongwa hwekumisa kuvaka zvirimwa zvitsva zvemarasha hunofanirwa kuonekwa semukana wekuti masangano akazvimirira ega aise mari muzvivakwa zvakare.
Pasina kubatanidzwa kweiyo yakazvimirira chikamu, zvichave zvakaoma zvikuru kuvandudza iyo renewables chikamu muIndonesia.
Makumi emakore akawanda ekupisa marasha
Kunyange kuisa zuva rekupedzisira pakuvakwa kwezvirimwa zvitsva zvemarasha idanho rekutanga rakakosha, hazvina kukwana kuti Indonesia ishanduke kure nemafuta.
Kana zvidyarwa zvemarasha izvi zvavakwa, zvichashanda kwemakumi emakore ari kuuya, izvo zvichavhara Indonesia muhupfumi hwekabhoni zvakanyanya kupfuura nguva yekupedzisira ya2023.
Pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akanaka, Indonesia inofanira kumira kuvaka zvirimwa zvitsva zvemarasha kubva zvino isina kumirira kupedza chirongwa che35,000 MW nechirongwa che[7,000 MW] kuitira kuti izadzise chinangwa chekudzikamisa kudziya kwepasi kusvika pa1,5° Celsius muna 2050.
Iyo yakakura-yakakura yekuchengetera bhatiri tekinoroji inodiwa kuita mhepo uye solar zvakanyanya kuvimbika inoramba ichidhura zvisingaite.Izvi zvinopa chero shanduko yekukurumidza uye yakakura-yakakura kubva pamarasha kuenda kune anogadzirwazve kuti isasvike parizvino.
Zvakare, mutengo wesolar wakadzikira zvekuti munhu anogona kuwedzera hurongwa kuti upe simba rakakwana, kunyangwe mumazuva ane makore.Uye sezvo peturu inogona kuvandudzwa isingabhadharwi, kusiyana nemarasha kana gasi rechisikigo, kuwandisa harisi dambudziko.
Phaseout yezvirimwa zvekare
Vana mazvikokota vakurudzira kuti zvicherwa zvekare zvemarasha izvo zvavati zvinosvibisa zvikuru uye zvinodhura kuzvigadzira, zvimiswe pachine nguva.Kana tichida kufambirana [nechinangwa chedu chemamiriro ekunze], tinofanirwa kutanga kubvisa marasha kubva muna 2029, nekukurumidza zviri nani.Takaona zvicherwa zvemagetsi zvinochembera zvinogona kubviswa pamberi pa2030, zvave kushanda kwemakore anopfuura makumi matatu.
Zvisineyi, hurumende haisati yazivisa hurongwa hwekubvisa zvicherwa zvekare zvemarasha.Ichave yakazara kana PLN iinewo chinangwa chekupedza, saka kwete kungomira kuvaka zvidyarwa zvemarasha.
Kupera kwakazara kwezvirimwa zvemarasha kunogoneka chete makore makumi maviri kusvika makumi matatu kubva zvino.Kunyange zvakadaro, hurumende yaizoda kumisa mitemo inotsigira kubviswa kwemarasha uye kuvandudzwa kweanovandudzwa.
Kana [zvirau] zvese zviri mugwara, masangano akazvimirira haana basa nazvo kana zvirimwa zvekare zvemarasha zviri kuvharwa.Semuenzaniso, tine mota dzekare kubva kuma1980 dzine injini dzisingabatsiri.Motokari dzemazuva ano dzinoshanda zvakanyanya.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-19-2021