Hondo yekurwisa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze inogona kunge iri kuwedzera nhanho, asi zvinoita sekunge girinhi simba silicon solar maseru ari kusvika kumiganhu yawo.Iyo yakanyanya kunanga nzira yekuita shanduko izvozvi ndeye solar panels, asi pane zvimwe zvikonzero nei ivo vari tariro huru yesimba rinodzokororwa.
Chinhu chavo chakakosha, silicon, ndicho chechipiri chakanyanya kuwanda paPasi mushure meokisijeni.Sezvo mapaneru achigona kuiswa panodiwa simba - padzimba, mafekitari, zvivakwa zvekutengesa, ngarava, mota dzemumugwagwa - pane kudiwa kushoma kwekufambisa magetsi munzvimbo dzese;uye kugadzirwa kwakawanda kunoreva kuti solar panels dzave kuchipa zvekuti hupfumi hwekuashandisa hwave kunetsa.
Sekureva kweInternational Energy Agency's 2020 simba rekuona mushumo, solar panel mune dzimwe nzvimbo dziri kugadzira yakachipa yemagetsi ekutengesa munhoroondo.
Kunyangwe iyo yechinyakare bheya "ko kana kwasviba kana kuine makore?"iri kuita kushomeka nekuda kweshanduko kufambira mberi muhunyanzvi hwekuchengetedza.
Kufamba kupfuura miganhu yezuva
Kana iwe uchitarisira "asi", hezvinoi: asi silicon solar panels dziri kusvika pamiganho inoshanda yekushanda kwavo nekuda kwemamwe mitemo isingaite yefizikisi.Commerce silicon solar masero zvino chete nezve 20 muzana kushanda zvakanaka (kunyangwe kusvika 28 muzana munzvimbo lab. Muganhu wavo anoshanda ari 30 muzana, zvichireva kuti vanogona chete kushandura chikamu chetatu cheZuva rinogamuchira simba kuita magetsi).
Zvakadaro, solar panel inoburitsa simba rakawanda rakapetwa kaviri muhupenyu hwayo kupfuura raishandiswa mukugadzira kwayo.
silicon / perovskite solar cell
Perovskite: remangwana rezvinovandudzwa
Kufanana nesilicon, chinhu checrystalline ichi chinonzi photoactive, zvichireva kuti kana charohwa nechiedza, maerekitironi ari muchimiro chawo anobva afara zvekuda kubva pamaatomu awo (uku kusunungurwa kwemaerekitironi ndihwo hwaro hwekugadzirwa kwemagetsi ese, kubva kumabhatiri kuenda kumagetsi enyukireya) .Zvichipa kuti magetsi ari kushanda, mutsara wekonga wemaerekitironi, apo maerekitironi asina kusimba kubva kusilicon kana perovskite akaiswa muwaya, magetsi ndiwo mhedzisiro.
Perovskite musanganiswa wakapfava wemunyu unopisa unopisa kusvika pakati pe100 ne200 madhigirii kumisikidza mapikicha ayo.
Kufanana neingi, inogona kudhindwa pamusoro pepamusoro, uye inopindika nenzira isina kusimba silicon.Iri kushandiswa pahukobvu hunosvika mazana mashanu pasi pesilicon, zvakare ine-yakanyanya-mwenje uye inogona kujeka-pachena.Izvi zvinoreva kuti inogona kuiswa kune ese marudzi enzvimbo senge pamafoni nemahwindo.Iko kufara chaiko, kwakatenderedza perovskite simba rekugadzira simba.
Kukunda dambudziko guru reperovskite - kuora
Yekutanga perovskite zvishandiso muna 2009 yakashandura chete 3.8 muzana yechiedza chezuva kuita magetsi.Pakazosvika 2020, kushanda zvakanaka kwaive 25.5 muzana, padyo nesilicon lab rekodhi ye27.6 muzana.Pane pfungwa yekuti kushanda kwayo kungakurumidza kusvika makumi matatu muzana.
Kana iwe uri kutarisira 'asi' nezve perovskite, zvakanaka, pane vaviri.Chimwe chikamu che perovskite crystalline lattice inotungamira.Huwandu hudiki, asi hunogona kuita chepfu yemutobvu zvinoreva kuti ndeye kufunga.Dambudziko rechokwadi nderekuti perovskite isina kudzivirirwa inoshatisa nyore kuburikidza nekupisa, unyoro uye hunyoro, kusiyana nesilicon panels dzinogara dzichitengeswa ne25-year guarantees.
Silicon iri nani pakubata nemafungu emagetsi mashoma, uye perovskite inoshanda zvakanaka nepamusoro-simba rinooneka chiedza.Perovskite inogonawo kugadziridzwa kuti itore mafungu akasiyana echiedza - tsvuku, girini, bhuruu.Nekunyatso kurongeka kwesilicon uye perovskite, izvi zvinoreva kuti sero rega rega rinoshandura yakawanda yechiedza spectrum kuita simba.
Nhamba idzi dzinoshamisa: chidimbu chimwe chete chinogona kuita 33 muzana inoshanda;rongedza masero maviri, zviri 45 muzana;zvikamu zvitatu zvaizopa 51 muzana kushanda zvakanaka.Aya marudzi enhamba, kana achigona kuwanikwa mune zvekutengesa, anogona kushandura simba rinogoneka.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-12-2021